Buspirone – Non-benzodiazepine anxiolytic for generalized anxiety disorder.
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What is Buspirone?
Buspirone offers a unique approach to anxiety treatment, providing effective relief for generalized anxiety disorder without the dependency risks associated with benzodiazepines. Its non-sedating properties and lack of addiction potential make it particularly valuable for long-term anxiety management and for patients with addiction concerns.
Book an online consultation if you’re experiencing persistent anxiety, need long-term anxiety management, have concerns about benzodiazepine dependency, or require anxiety treatment alongside other mental health conditions. Our GPs can assess your anxiety symptoms and determine if Buspirone or other anxiety treatments are appropriate for your specific situation.
What is Buspirone used for?
- Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
- Chronic anxiety
- Anxiety in patients with addiction history
- Anxiety where benzodiazepines are unsuitable
- Augmentation therapy for depression with anxiety
- Anxiety in elderly patients
- Long-term anxiety management
How does Buspirone work?
A unique anxiolytic that acts as a partial agonist at 5-HT1A serotonin receptors and has some dopamine receptor activity, providing anti-anxiety effects without the dependence potential or sedation associated with benzodiazepines.
Dosage and Administration
Adults
Starting dose: 5mg twice daily. Increase by 5mg every 2-3 days as needed. Usual range: 15-30mg daily in divided doses. Maximum: 60mg daily.
Children
Not routinely used in children—specialist assessment required.
Important Notes
- Take with food to improve absorption and reduce stomach upset.
- Divide daily dose into 2-3 smaller doses throughout the day.
- Full effects may take 3-4 weeks to develop.
- Start with low dose and increase gradually as tolerated.
Side Effects
Common Side Effects
- Dizziness and lightheadedness
- Headache
- Nausea
- Nervousness or excitement
- Insomnia
- Fatigue
- Dry mouth
Serious Side Effects
Seek immediate medical attention if you experience:
- Severe allergic reactions
- Chest pain
- Severe dizziness or fainting
- Confusion or memory problems
- Movement disorders (rare)
- Serotonin syndrome (rare)
Important Warnings
- Takes 3-4 weeks to reach full effectiveness—don't stop early if no immediate benefit.
- May cause dizziness—avoid driving until you know how it affects you.
- Tell your GP if you have liver or kidney problems—dose adjustment may be needed.
- Not for acute anxiety relief—use only for chronic anxiety conditions.
- Don't stop suddenly after long-term use—gradual reduction may be needed.
Drug Interactions
Tell your GP if you're taking any of the following medications:
- MAOIs—dangerous interaction, avoid combination.
- Grapefruit juice—may increase buspirone levels.
- Erythromycin, ketoconazole—may increase buspirone effects.
- Rifampicin—may reduce buspirone effectiveness.
- Alcohol—may enhance drowsiness and dizziness.
Frequently Asked Questions
How is Buspirone different from benzodiazepines like diazepam?
Buspirone doesn't cause dependence or withdrawal, isn't sedating, and doesn't impair memory or coordination. However, it takes weeks to work and isn't effective for panic attacks or acute anxiety.
Why does Buspirone take so long to work?
Unlike benzodiazepines that work immediately, buspirone needs to build up in your system and gradually modify brain chemistry. Full benefits typically appear after 3-4 weeks of regular use.
Can I take Buspirone as needed for anxiety?
No, buspirone must be taken regularly every day to be effective. It's not suitable for occasional or 'as needed' use for anxiety.
Is Buspirone addictive?
No, buspirone has no addiction potential and doesn't cause physical dependence, making it safer for long-term use than benzodiazepines.
Medically Reviewed by: Mohammed Hassan - Independent Prescriber
Last Updated: 2025-01-14