Melatonin – Natural sleep hormone for insomnia and sleep disorders.
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What is Melatonin?
Melatonin is a synthetic version of the natural sleep hormone that helps regulate the body’s sleep-wake cycle. It’s particularly useful for age-related sleep problems, jet lag, and certain sleep disorders in children with neurodevelopmental conditions.
Book an online consultation if you’re experiencing persistent sleep problems, especially if you’re over 55, or if you need help managing jet lag or shift work sleep issues. Our GPs can assess your sleep patterns and determine if Melatonin or other sleep treatments are appropriate for your specific situation.
What is Melatonin used for?
- Insomnia in adults over 55 years
- Jet lag adjustment
- Shift work sleep disorder
- Sleep disorders in children with autism or ADHD
- Delayed sleep phase syndrome
- Sleep problems in blind individuals
- Age-related sleep disturbances
How does Melatonin work?
A synthetic version of the natural hormone melatonin that regulates the sleep-wake cycle. It helps synchronize the body's internal clock and promotes natural sleep onset.
Dosage and Administration
Adults
2mg prolonged-release tablets taken 1-3 hours before bedtime. Usually prescribed for adults over 55 years.
Children
Specialist prescription only—doses range from 0.5-6mg depending on condition and age.
Important Notes
- Take 1-3 hours before your desired bedtime.
- Swallow tablets whole—do not crush or chew prolonged-release formulations.
- Take on an empty stomach for faster absorption.
- Use consistently at the same time each night.
Side Effects
Common Side Effects
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Nausea
- Drowsiness (next-day hangover effect)
- Irritability
- Dry mouth
- Abnormal dreams
Serious Side Effects
Seek immediate medical attention if you experience:
- Severe allergic reactions
- Depression or mood changes
- Confusion and disorientation
- Memory problems
- High blood pressure (rare)
- Seizures (very rare)
Important Warnings
- May cause next-day drowsiness—be cautious when driving or operating machinery.
- Not suitable for children except under specialist supervision.
- Tell your GP if you have liver problems, kidney disease, or autoimmune conditions.
- May interact with blood-thinning medications.
- Avoid alcohol as it can reduce effectiveness and increase side effects.
Drug Interactions
Tell your GP if you're taking any of the following medications:
- Warfarin—may increase bleeding risk.
- Blood pressure medications—may enhance blood pressure effects.
- Immunosuppressants—may interfere with immune system function.
- Diabetes medications—may affect blood sugar control.
- Sedating medications—may increase drowsiness.
- Caffeine—may reduce melatonin effectiveness.
Frequently Asked Questions
How long does Melatonin take to work?
Melatonin typically starts working within 1-3 hours. Taking it 2-3 hours before bedtime allows your body to prepare for sleep naturally.
Can I become dependent on Melatonin?
Melatonin is not addictive like traditional sleeping pills, but some people may develop psychological dependence. It's designed for short-term use in most cases.
Why is Melatonin only prescribed for people over 55?
Natural melatonin production declines with age. The licensed indication in the UK is for adults over 55 with primary insomnia, though specialists may prescribe it for younger people with specific conditions.
Can I take Melatonin for jet lag?
Yes, Melatonin can be effective for jet lag. Take it at the bedtime of your destination timezone, starting on the day of travel and continuing for a few days after arrival.
Medically Reviewed by: Mohammed Hassan - Independent Prescriber
Last Updated: 2025-01-14